Páginas

Assign id to a view programmatically

Views are usually declared in Android layout files with and id.
<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    android:id="@+id/boardLayout"
    android:layout_width="wrap_content"
    android:layout_height="wrap_content">

However, sometimes we can´t assign the id. For example, if we want to reuse a view with include tag, and we need each instance to have a different id.

In this situation, we have the option to define ids in a resource file.

<resources>
    <item name="id_1" type="id"/>
</resoruces>

This identifiers are created in R class, so you can access and assign them to a view in code.

String name = "id" + i;   
view.setId(getResources().getIdentifier(name, "id", getPackageName()));

From this point, we can find the view searching by id.

Avoid screen rotation in Android

By default, Android activities adapt to device orientation. If we want to avoid this behaviour, we just have to define and orientation for any activity on AndroidManifest.xml file (portrait or landscape).

<activity android:name="package.YourActivity"
          android:screenOrientation="portrait" >

Keep the screen on


When we are programming a game, we may want the screen of the device to keep on. There´s a solution based on wake locks, but it has two big advantages: it requieres special permission, and the developer needs to worry about releasing unused locks.

There is a much simpler solution, that is recommended in Android developers page: using flag_keep_screen_on. This flag can be activated only in an activity, from manifest or from code. This scond option has the adventage that the flag can be cleared if you don´t need it, allowing the screen to turn off again.

In manifest, we can declare an activity with:

<activity android:name="jvel.android.games.saveme.MainActivity" 
          android:keepScreenOn="true" />

In code, we have to add this line:

protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
  super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
  setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);
  getWindow().addFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON);
}

If we choose code option, and we want to clear the flag:

getWindow().clearFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_KEEP_SCREEN_ON)

Making an activity scrollable

A typical question when someone is beginning with Android is how to add scroll to an activity, or a component of the interface. It has a really simple solution. You just have to add a ScrollView tag above the element you want to scroll.

It´s important to note that ScrollView tag supports just one child. It uses to be a layout that contains the rest of the components.

Therefore, if we want to make scroll over the entire interface of an activity, we have to write something like this:

<ScrollView
    android:layout_width="fill_parent"
    android:layout_height="fill_parent" >

    <RelativeLayout
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="fill_parent" >
        <!-- your components -->
    </RelativeLayout>
</ScrollView>

If we want to apply scroll to a concrete group of components, we also can do it. This is the structure of configuration activity in Match Pairs Battle, which lets ad at the top, a button at the bottom, and allows scroll over the options.

<RelativeLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"
    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"
    android:layout_width="match_parent"
    android:layout_height="match_parent">

    <LinearLayout
        android:id="@+id/adLayout"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentTop="true"
        android:orientation="horizontal" >
    </LinearLayout>

    <ScrollView
        android:id="@+id/options_layout"
        android:layout_width="fill_parent"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_below="@+id/adLayout"
        android:layout_above="@+id/playButton" >
        
        <RelativeLayout
            android:layout_width="fill_parent"
            android:layout_height="wrap_content" >
            <!-- your components -->
        </RelativeLayout>
    </ScrollView>

    <Button
        android:id="@+id/playButton"
        android:layout_width="wrap_content"
        android:layout_height="wrap_content"
        android:layout_alignParentBottom="true"
        android:layout_centerHorizontal="true"
         />

</RelativeLayout>